JION: A JavaSpaces Implementation for Opportunistic Networks

International audienceDisconnected mobile ad hoc networks (or D-MANETs) are partially or intermittently connected wireless networks, in which continuous end-to-end connectivity between mobile nodes is not guaranteed. The ability to self-form and self-manage brings great opportunities for D-MANETs, but developing distributed applications capable of running in such networks remains a major challenge. A middleware system is thus needed between network level and application level in order to ease application development, and help developers take advantage of D-MANETs' unique features. In this paper, we introduce JION (JavaSpaces Implementation for Opportunistic Networks), a coordination middleware specifically designed for D-MANETs, and with which pre-existing or new JavaSpaces-based applications can be easily deployed in such networks

Socioeconomic status and site-specific cancer incidence, a Bayesian approach in a French Cancer Registries Network study

International audienceThe aim of this study was to identify and compare cancer sites whose incidence is influenced by social deprivation. The study population comprised 189 144 cases of cancer diagnosed between 2006 and 2009, recorded in member registries of the French Network of Cancer Registries. Social environment was assessed at an aggregate level using the European Deprivation Index. The association between incidence and socioeconomic status was assessed by a geographical Bayesian Poisson model enabling a reduction of the overall variability and smoothing of the relative risks by sharing information provided by multiple geographic units. For cancers of the stomach, liver, lips-mouth-pharynx, and lung, a higher incidence in deprived populations was found for both sexes as well as for cancers of the larynx, esophagus, pancreas, and bladder in men and cervical cancer in women. For melanoma, prostate, testis, ovarian, and breast cancer, a higher incidence was observed in affluent populations. The highest relative risks of the lowest social class compared with the highest social class were found for larynx [relative risk (RR) = 1.67 (1.43-1.95)], lips-mouth-pharynx [RR = 1.89 (1.72-2.07)], and lung cancer [RR = 1.59 (1.50-1.68)] in men and for cervix [RR = 1.62 (1.40-1.88)] and lips-mouth-pharynx [RR = 1.56 (1.30-1.86)] cancer in women. By estimating the burden of social deprivation on cancer incidence throughout France, this study enables us to measure the gains that could be achieved by implementing targeted prevention efforts

JOMS: a Java Message Service Provider for Disconnected MANETs

International audienceA disconnected mobile ad hoc network (or D-MANET) is a wireless network, which because of the sparse distribution of mobile hosts appears at best as a partially or intermittently connected network. Designing and implementing distributed applications capable of running in such a challenged environment is not a trivial task. Middleware systems such as Java Message Service (JMS) have made application development easy and cost-effective in traditional wired networks. It can be expected that middleware systems designed specifically for D-MANETs bring similar benefits. In this paper, we introduce JOMS (Java Opportunistic Message Service), a JMS provider for D-MANETs with which pre-existing and new JMS-based applications can be deployed simply in D-MANETs

C3PO: A Network and Application Framework for Spontaneous and Ephemeral Social Networks

International audienceThe C3PO project promotes the development of new kind of social networks called Spontaneous and Ephemeral Social Networks (SESNs) dedicated to happenings such as cultural or sport events. SESNs rely on both opportunistic networks formed dynamically by the mobile devices of event attendees, and on an event-based communication model. Therefore, user can exchange digital contents with the other members of their SESNs, even without Internet access. This paper presents the framework developed in the C3PO project to provide network and application supports in such challenged networks. This framework exploits the different wireless interfaces of the mobile devices to interconnect them and to disseminate content through the resulting opportunistic network. At the application layer, this framework is composed of plugins that process locally the data stream to offer generic features, or to easily build applications dedicated to specific happenings

C3PO: a Spontaneous and Ephemeral Social Networking Framework for a collaborative Creation and Publishing of Multimedia Contents

International audienceOnline social networks have been adopted by a large part of the population, and have become in few years essential communication means and a source of information for journalists. Nevertheless, these networks have some drawbacks that make people reluctant to use them, such as the impossibility to claim for ownership of data and to avoid commercial analysis of them, or the absence of collaborative tools to produce multimedia contents with a real editorial value. In this paper, we present a new kind of social networks, namely spontaneous and ephemeral social networks (SESNs). SESNs allow people to collaborate spontaneously in the production of multimedia documents so as to cover cultural and sport events

BLOOM: A 176B-Parameter Open-Access Multilingual Language Model

Large language models (LLMs) have been shown to be able to perform new tasks based on a few demonstrations or natural language instructions. While these capabilities have led to widespread adoption, most LLMs are developed by resource-rich organizations and are frequently kept from the public. As a step towards democratizing this powerful technology, we present BLOOM, a 176B-parameter open-access language model designed and built thanks to a collaboration of hundreds of researchers. BLOOM is a decoder-only Transformer language model that was trained on the ROOTS corpus, a dataset comprising hundreds of sources in 46 natural and 13 programming languages (59 in total). We find that BLOOM achieves competitive performance on a wide variety of benchmarks, with stronger results after undergoing multitask prompted finetuning. To facilitate future research and applications using LLMs, we publicly release our models and code under the Responsible AI License

A Framework for Parallel Programming in Java

To ease the task of programming parallel and distributed applications, the Do! project aims at the automatic generation of distributed code from multi-threaded Java programs. We provide a parallel programming model, embedded in a framework that constraints parallelism without any extension to the Java language. This framework is described here and is used as a basis to generate distributed programs

Generation of Distributed Parallel Java Programs

The aim of the Do! project is to ease the standard task of programming distributed applications using Java. This paper gives an overview of the parallel and distributed frameworks and describes the mechanisms developed to distribute programs with Do!

Extending the Do! Framework with Dynamic Collections

The aim of the Do! project is to ease the task of programming distributed applications using Java. We provide a shared-memory parallel programming model, possibly including additional informations about object locations; we generate distributed programs from parallel programs by using the user's object location specifications, and by automatic transformation of user-define- d classes. Writing a distributed application is a three-step process: in the first step, the programmer writes his application as a shared-memory parallel program, by defining the components of the program; in the second step, the programmer defines the component locations on distinct hosts; in the third step, the Do! preprocessor transforms the shared-memory parallel program into a distributed-memory program. In this paper, we present an extension to our computing framework in order to create and activate tasks at runtime; this extension allows the introduction of load balancing strategies in the framework by taking into account runtime informations in the component location descriptions. This extension has been integrated in the parallel and distributed frameworks, without any modification in the Do! preprocessor

A Flexible Architecture for Mobile Health Monitoring

International audienceThere is a growing need for systems that allow to monitor continuously the health condition of patients with chronic diseases, while allowing these patients to live their daily life as usual, at home as well as out of home. Developing such systems is now feasible based on currently available wireless transmission technologies and off-the-shelf wearable sensors, but most of the applications developed so far fall into the quantified-self movement, and can hardly be used for medical monitoring. This paper presents a general architecture for mobile bio-physical monitoring, covering all stages of data acquisition, transmission, and processing. This architecture has been designed so as to meet the expectations of the medical field (especially regarding confidentiality and dependability), while remaining open and flexible (i.e., new types of sensors or data processing algorithms can be incorporated as and when needed)